Battery connector

Batteries are used as a mobile source of power for a wide variety of devices and equipment. Batteries are used to power portable electronic equipment for consumer and business use, such as, digital cameras, camcorders, personal digital assistant (PDA), cellular phones and laptop computers. Such devices typically include a main circuit board for controlling the device's operations, and a battery for providing power to the circuit board. The battery is typically removable either for recharging or replacement. The battery is electrically connected to the electronic circuitry of the portable electronic device by way of a connection apparatus. The connection apparatus includes a housing enclosing the battery and a housing enclosing the electronic circuitry. The housings employ reciprocal mating features for attachment and detachment of the battery to and from the electronic circuitry. Batteries are also used in many vehicles and other types of equipment to ignite a combustion engine. For those devices in which a battery is used, the terminals of the battery are electrically connected to the electrical system in that device equipment or vehicle. Thus, battery terminal connectors are required for connecting the battery to an electrical system in, for example, an automobile, water craft, recreational vehicle, tractor, truck, lawn mower, etc.

Battery tester (battery analyzer)

Battery testers (also referred to as "battery condition indicators, battery analyzers") are designed to indicate the condition of an electrochemical cell or battery. Battery testers permit the user to visually determine whether a cell needs to be replaced. Batteries are often tested to determine whether they are capable of being charged or whether they are no longer capable of functioning. Batteries of all types, whether frequently or rarely used, discharge with the passage of time. Accordingly, when placed into service, the battery or batteries that provide the energy source for electronic equipment may or may not have sufficient charge to power the equipment. For example, automotive batteries are required to operate under widely varying loads and at widely varying temperatures. A lead acid battery is mounted as a secondary battery on a vehicle such as an automobile so as to serve as energy source for starting an engine, illumination, fuel injection device. The vehicle storage battery is monitored to determine battery capacity, state of charge and certain fault conditions. As a consequence, a variety of devices have been proposed whereby a user can determine a battery's energy level with reasonable certainty. A battery analyzer is useful in various battery-powered electronic applications for testing charge on a battery and informing a user of the battery voltage level. The battery tester may be used in a battery level indicator to warn when failure of the battery is impending. The battery tester may also be used in a battery charger controller to determine whether a battery is charged, thereby preventing overcharging and damaging of the battery.

UPS

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a type of power supply used to power and protect an electrical load that is sensitive to fluctuations in or the absence of electrical power. Uninterruptible power supplies are widely used to provide power to electronic components in the event that the alternating current (AC) utility input voltage fails. Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems are power conversion systems that are commonly used to provide conditioned, reliable power for devices and systems such as computer networks, telecommunications networks, medical equipment and the like. Uninterruptible power supply are used in a variety of different environments in which an interruption of power due to the variations or loss of the primary power source is unacceptable. Since reliability is a chief attribute required of such systems, constant maintenance is required. Electronic equipment which is state dependent and which derives electrical power from line voltage provided by utility companies over a distribution grid is fundamentally vulnerable to system damage and data loss through the loss of continuity of power. A large number of electronic devices, such as cordless telephones, computers, baby monitors, radios, and answering machines, which are found in the home and office do not possess a backup power supply. As a result, when power service is interrupted, these electronic devices are inoperable. Typically, computer systems require a constant power supply. Interruptions in the power supply can erase memory and injure the software and hardware of the computer. Other situations where uninterrupted power supplies are considered important include: automatic banking services, automatic industrial processes, communication and signaling centers for maritime and aerial transportation, radio and television stations, and various emergency and security services. UPS systems can provide temporary power to the devices and systems so that the devices and systems can continue to operate despite the loss of the primary power source and thereby can reduce the likelihood that valuable data may be lost.

NiMH battery pack

Batteries are usually classified as primary batteries that can be used only once and then disposed of, and secondary batteries that can be recharged and used repeatedly. Primary batteries include manganese batteries, alkaline batteries, mercury batteries, and silver oxide batteries. Secondary batteries include lead-acid storage batteries, nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries, sealed nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium metal batteries, lithium ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, and lithium-sulfur batteries. Recently, pursuant to reductions in size and weight of portable electronic equipment, there has been a need for developing batteries for such portable equipment with high energy density and high power density. As a variety of portable electronic devices have been developed, the development of batteries for supplying drive power to the devices has been increasingly valued as a critical one of key devices. Among other things, compact rechargeable batteries such as nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries and lithium rechargeable batteries have been developed and increasingly grown in demand. Rechargeable batteries are found in many different types of devices. Cellular phones, laptop computers, digital cameras, camcorders, and many other types of devices include such batteries. Types of rechargeable battery packs in common use today include lead-acid, nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) and the increasingly more-common lithium ion type batteries. Each of these battery types is generally characterized by a multiplicity of individual cells, each containing the basic electrode/electrolyte combination that produces a discrete voltage potential thereacross. The opposing electrodes of a given number of cells are connected together in series so that the additive effects of the individual cell potentials are combined to produce the overall desired voltage potential for the battery pack.

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Laptop battery

Computers have played a big role in our daily life. A variety of electronic data processing devices such as personal computers (PCs), notebooks or laptops, and personal digital assistants (PDAs) have been available. The convenience and transportability of the notebook computer has produced a large and lucrative market for manufacturers of such machines. Laptop or notebook computers have increased in power, speed, and memory capacity to the point where they offer functionality comparable to that of desktop-style personal computers. Nowadays, the all-in-one notebook computers are dominant type of computer products.

Notebook computers obtain operational power from either rechargeable battery packs for full stand-alone use, or AC power for use conveniently close to power outlets. Docking stations also are designed to plug into AC power, and to provide that power to the notebook computer. Most of the time, a notebook computer is driven by a battery power source. As a portable power source for portable electronic devices such as notebook computers, digital cameras, or video cameras, a rechargeable battery pack is used. While a portable computer is in use on AC power, it takes advantage of the available AC power and recharges the battery pack. The battery pack can also be removed from the portable computer and charged separately. The battery is housed in the palm rest in front of the keyboard of a keyboard housing, or behind the keyboard. Power management functions are prepared for extending the battery driving time. One of the power management functions is the suspend mode in which power supply is stopped, except for the some devices including a memory in which the data necessary for returning to the present status of the system is stored. p>

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Lead acid battery

Rechargeable batteries are of great importance to many industrial sectors such as the electrical power industry and automotive industry. One class of such batteries is lead-acid based batteries. A lead acid battery is a storage battery using lead dioxide in the positive electrode and lead in the negative electrode as active materials, and dilute sulfuric acid as an electrolyte. The advantages of lead-acid batteries include: low cost of manufacture, simplicity of design, reliability and relative safety when compared to other electrochemical systems. Lead-acid batteries and cells have been known for a substantially long period of time and have been employed commercially in a relatively wide variety of applications. Such applications have ranged from starting, lighting and ignition for automobiles, trucks and other vehicles to marine and golf cart applications and to various stationary and motive power source applications. Lead-acid cells and batteries have been used in stationary battery applications wherein the lead-acid cells and batteries provide stand-by power in the event of a power failure. Lead-acid batteries have also been increasingly used in "on-the-road" and "off-the-road" electrical vehicles for forklift trucks, automated guided vehicles, and pure electric vehicles, whereby these batteries supply all the energy requirements. p>

Seal lead acid Battery

Lead-acid batteries have been known for a substantially long period of time and have been employed commercially in a relatively wide variety of applications. Lead-acid batteries have been used for many diverse applications. Such applications include use as a starting, lighting and ignition power source for vehicles (SLI), use in marine batteries for starting, lighting and other auxiliary power requirements, as a motive power source for use in golf carts and other vehicles and other applications of this sort. Lead-acid batteries have been employed in a variety of stand-by power applications to provide a power source when the main power source becomes inoperable. Lead-acid batteries have also been employed in many other applications, e.g., uniform power distribution, power damping applications, and even for small electronic devices such as video cameras and cassette players. In general, a lead acid battery is a battery which has a stable characteristic at a lower cost as a secondary battery and which is used widely as an electric power source of a movable type for use in a portable electronic apparatus, a starter for automobile or a golf cart and a stationary type for use in a back up electric source for computer. The lead-acid electrochemical system has provided a reliable energy source which is capable of being manufactured in automated production while providing acceptable quality. Based on the quantity of acid present in a battery, lead-acid batteries are classified as either flooded or starved electrolyte batteries.